Pond Preparation and Management

Pond Preparation and Management

Prior to a Pond can be supplied for another product, the extreme squanders, which collect in the pond amid the past harvest, must be evacuated and the dirt and water molded. Developing of shrimp in a disgracefully arranged lake may prompt to trouble in lake administration amid the way of life period, which could bring about a lessening underway limit of the lake.

Pond Cleaning

The cleaning of a Pond or evacuation of the squanders, particularly the natural and phosphatic squanders that have amassed in the lake base could be, expert by drying, liming and furrowing. In any case, these strategies could in any case leave an unfriendly impact on the water and soil quality in the lake, which could bring about a decline in the generation limit of the lake.

There are two strategies for cleaning a lake as per the likelihood of the lake to be dried:

Dry Method

This strategy is utilized when the pond base can be dried totally. The Pond is depleted and left to dry in the sun for a time of 10-30 days. At that point the waste is expelled, either physically or mechanically, and transported to the waste dumping region. Expulsion of waste by machines has leverage that it can smaller the base soil. In any case, this cleaning technique by drying may prompt to advancement of corrosiveness, bringing down the level of the lake base and the dissemination of squanders if the laborers are unpracticed.

Wet Method

In territories where the lake can't be dried totally, weight washing can be utilized to flush out the squanders. This strategy takes a shorter time and is more proficient than the dry technique. Flushing ought to be proceeded until the corrosive and dim anaerobic layer in the dirt are evacuated. This technique is appropriate in the corrosive sulfate regions where the oxidation of the dirt must be stayed away from. Be that as it may, the technique requires a sedimentation lake to all settlement of the suspended squanders to abstain from polluting the seepage waterway and the regular habitat. The rest of the pathogens in the lakes can be disposed of amid the liming procedure.

Liming

Once the Pond is cleaned, it is then loaded with water and left overnight before flushing out to expel trash and hoist the pH. This procedure ought to be rehashed until the pH of the water stays above 7, and at exactly that point the lime is connected. The sorts of lime to be utilized rely on upon the water pH. It is prescribed that agrarian lime (CaCO3) or dolomite [CaMg(CO3)2] ought to be utilized as a part of a lake with water pH close nonpartisan and the hydrated lime [Ca(OH)2] ought to be utilized as a part of a lake with water pH beneath 5. The measure of lime to be utilized ought to be precisely computed to abstain from prompting an exorbitantly high water pH, which may build smelling salts lethality and result in the mortality of the shrimps.

The lime necessity of a lake relies on upon the dirt pH. The estimation of the dirt pH ought to be resolved either by the wet soil strategy or by the dry soil technique. Amid the application, lime ought to be spread all through the lake base and up to the highest point of the dam. A vast segment of lime ought to be connected over the nourishing ranges and to all parts of the lake that have stayed wet. At the point when the lake is legitimately limed and loaded with water, the normal water pH ought to be between 7.5-8.5 with day by day change of under 0.5. Agrarian lime, dolomite or hydrated lime at 100 kg/ha/day ought to be added to keep up the required pH.

Destruction of Predators

In the wake of liming, the lake ought to be filled to the most extreme profundity through a screen with fine work to keep the predators and contenders from entering the lake. These creatures, including fish, shellfish and a few spineless creatures, may go after nourishment, go after the shrimp or convey ailments and parasites. They may build up themselves in the lake that is not viably screened adequately or is left for a drawn out stretch of time.

A few chemicals ought to be utilized to destroy these creatures in the lake before stocking. Fish can be slaughtered by the use of tea seed powder at the rate of 20-30 ppm. After the utilization of tea seed, the lake ought to be left for 3 days before the post hatchlings can be supplied. Tea seed may likewise be utilized when the shrimp has achieved a weight of more than 2 gm. In any case, it must be recollected that tea seed is more dangerous at high saltiness and temperature, yet less harmful at high pH. Use of tea seed at night may decrease pH and result in microscopic fish cease to exist.

Snails can be disposed of by the use of speedy lime (CaO) at 530 kg./ha and sun dried for 2-3 days. At that point the lake ought to be altogether cleaned, loaded with water and alternate nuisances annihilated. Hypochlorite, either calcium or sodium salt, is at present utilized at 15-20% (60% dynamic fixing) to dispense with both vertebrates and spineless creatures. The lake must be cleaned preceding the utilization of hypochlorite since hypochlorite may respond with the natural matters and delivers the poisonous organo chlorine mixes. Hypochlorite ought to be connected after the lake is filled to the greatest tallness and left for 3 days to permit the bring forth of planktonic life forms. It ought to be recalled that hypochlorite ought to be utilized before the liming since the adequacy of hypochlorite will be brought down in high pH conditions.

After the hypochlorite application, the lake ought to be circulated air through and the use of lime and compost ought to be directed on Day 3, while the PL can be supplied on Day 7. Amid the principal month, water must not be added to the lake, unless the water quality is poor, to keep the presentation of contenders and predators.

Treatment

The Pond must be prepared with either natural or inorganic manure to invigorate the tiny fish blossom keeping in mind the end goal to give shade to the lake base and use the nitrogenous and phosphate squanders inside the lake. The shade will likewise keep the development of destructive benthic green growth. The sun dried chicken compost is the most well-known natural manure to be utilized as a part of the measure of 200-300 kg/ha. The fertilizer must be absorbed water for 24 hours before it is spread over the surface of the water.

Inorganic manures, for example, urea (46% N) and compound composts like, ammonium phosphate (16:20:0) or those with N:P:K blend of (16:16:16) can be utilized at 20-30 kg./ha. The compost must be broken down in water before it is spread over the water surface to maintain a strategic distance from precipitation of the manure onto the lake base, which will improve the dirt and quicken the development of benthic green growth.

After preparation, the tiny fish ought to blossom inside a couple days and the shade of the water turns out to be marginally green. The compost, either the natural or inorganic, ought to be connected day by day in the lake at 5-10 % of the underlying add up to keep up the tiny fish blossom. In the event that the tiny fish has not sprouted inside a couple days, extra manure must not be connected, but rather microscopic fish rich water or green water from the repository ought to be included.

Air circulation

A 0.5-1.0 ha lake would require, four aerators introduced at the sides of the lake, around 3-5 m from the base of the embankment and situated at a point that will support the most extreme water stream inside the lake. The kind of aerator to be utilized relies on upon the profundity of the water. One pull paddle wheel aerators ought to be utilized as a part of lakes of under 1.2 m water profundity and the 2 HP (torque) paddle wheel aerators ought to be utilized as a part of lakes more profound than 1.2 m. The most well known sort of aerator is the long arm paddle wheel aerator, which is driven by a 2-10 HP electric, or diesel engine mounted on the embankment. The aerators ought to be exchanged on 24 hrs before the PL are supplied to permit enough time to make the present and tidy up the bolstering region.

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