Shrimp Farming

Biosecurity involves following strict management protocols to prevent specific pathogens from entering a system or reducing the numbers. A good understanding of pathogen reservoirs is important. Quarantine, sanitation and disinfection are all important components of biosecurity . Quarantine , defined as the isolation of an organism or group of organisms to prevent the introduction or spread of infectious disease, is a standard procedure that is extremely important in aquaculture. In practical terms, quarantine is a standard set of procedures that should be observed to prevent the introduction of pathogens or diseases into a population of fish, prawn and shrimp in aquaculture. The quarantine protocols should be strictly adhered and should follow as many of the following protocols as are practical: testing of a sample of shrimp, prawn and fish prior to bringing them onto the facility. all-in, all-out stocking procedures. isolation or separation from other populations for

The world's demands for high quality aquaculture products make control of diseases increasingly important. Good Bio security measures are vital to maintaining healthy animals, to reducing the risk of acquiring diseases in aquaculture facilities and to harvest high quality good yield. Biosecurity Biosecurity can be defined as ‘the measures and methods adopted to secure a disease free environment in all phases of aquaculture practices (i.e. hatcheries, nurseries, growout farms) for improved profitability’. Biosecurity protocols are intended to maintain the "security" of a facility (i.e., prevent entry of, or reduce overall numbers prior to entry) with respect to certain diseasecausing organisms (parasites, bacteria, viruses and fungi) that may not be present in a particular system. In short, food producers have consumer safety as their primary target. If the food they produce is not safe, no economic model works. The second and equally important target

Diseases of Shrimp Shrimp aquaculture is the most important marine aquaculture industry. In spite of the hazardous development in world creation of developed shrimp, there have likewise been stunning, intermittent misfortunes because of ailments. Subsequently, sicknesses are currently considered as one of the basic constraining elements in the shrimp culture. Genuine viral ailment episodes of shrimp test the shrimp business to be better arranged in the perspective of an expanded learning about shrimps and their pathogens so that ailment counteractive action techniques could be moved forward. This requires moved attention to biosecurity, that is, conceivable strategies for developing shrimp in limited frameworks intended to keep the section of potential pathogens. The business likewise understood that a decent number of ailment episodes started from reckless transboundary development of tainted yet terribly typical aquaculture stocks. Methods of Disease Control in Shrim

Application of Probiotics: Probiotic action is interceded by an assortment of impacts that are subject to the probiotic itself, the measurement utilised, treatment length and course, and recurrence of conveyance. A few probiotics apply their valuable impacts by expounding antibacterial atoms, for example, bacteriocins that straightforwardly repress other microbes or infections, effectively taking an interest in the battle against diseases, while others restrain bacterial development over the gut divider (translocation), improve the mucous obstruction work by expanding the generation of inborn insusceptible particles, or regulate the provocative/resistant reaction. A few studies have shown that example acknowledgment receptors (PRPs, for example, toll-like receptors (TLRs) flagging pathways, insusceptible reactions, and the emission of antimicrobial peptides, for example, defensins and chemokines by the epithelium assume essential parts in these instruments. Here are a few

Immune system: In relation to farmed shrimp, bacterial diseases are considered as the largest cause of mortality in larvae. The administration of a mixture of bacteria (Bacillus spp. and Vibrio spp.) positively influenced on survival and had protective effect against Vibrio harveyi and the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV).  This result was due to stimulation of the immune system, by increasing phagocytosis and antibacterial activity. The administration of a commercial probiotic for the larvae of Marsupenaeus japonicus resulted in increased survival (97%) being significantly higher than the control treatment. Thus, the use of Bacillus coagulans SC8168 as probiotic for postlarvae of Litopenaeus vannamei resulted in higher survival of animals . In a study with tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), the inoculation of Bacillus S11, a saprophyte strain, resulted in higher survival of post larvae challenged by a luminescent pathogenic bacterial culture. Bacillus su

1. White Spot Disease (WSD) Pathogen : White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) Species affected :   Penaeus monodon   and   Litopenaeus vannamei   (10-85 DOC) Mortality rate : average to high, 100% in some cases within 10 d. Clinical signs : lethargic or moribund shrimps aggregated at pond surface and edges, slow to erratic swimming behavior, overall body color often reddish, minute to large (0.5-2.0 mm diameter) white inclusions embedded in the cuticle; Control measures : early harvest, strict isolation of infected ponds from movement, strengthened control of transportation, disinfection of infected ponds using Calcium hypochlorite (chlorine). 2. Yellowhead Disease (YHD) Pathogen : Yellowhead virus (YHV) Species affected :   Litopenaeus vannamei Mortality rate : could reach 100% in 2-5 days after infection. Clinical signs : Affected shrimps showed sudden increase in feeding activity and abnormal growth, then loss of appetite; aggregat

It is a formulation of beneficial pond bacteria, which has been used in aquaculture ponds. They function well in fresh, brackish or salt water. The beneficial microbes in BioClean have been selected for their ability to biodegrade complex organic compounds like proteins, fats, oils, cellulose and starch. These heterotrophic bacteria are generally considered to be organic sludge degraders. They are mostly from the genera Bacillus and are facultative anaerobes, meaning they can function with or without oxygen. Each gram of BioClean contains more than three billions of bacteria belong to different species and strains. They carry out the hydrolysis of the complex organic molecules continuously and keep  the pond water free from sludge accumulation and ammonia toxicity. Therefore, it is imperative to maintain the C:N:P ratio, mechanical aeration , Heterotrophs in BioClean use organic carbon for cell tissue formation. As a result, the rate of nitrification is